Carbureter.



J. A. MQHARDY & G. A. POTTER.

OARBUR'ETER.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 27', 1909.

985,431. Patented Feb. 28,1911.

WITNESSES A A INVENTOHS 21 MGSAM -Hardy. CharZesARzzez- I ATTOR/IEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. MCHARDY AND CHARLES A/POTTER, OF PROVIDENCE, R HODE ISLAND, ASSIGNORS TO ALLEN FIRE DEPARTMENT SUPPLY COMPANY, OF PROVIDENCE,

RHODE ISLAND, A-CORPORATION OF MAINE.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent. 'Patentd Feb. 28, 1911-.

Application filed March 27, 1909. Serial No. 486,075.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Janus A. MoHAnnY and Cnannns A. Po'rrnu, citizens of the United States, residing at the city of'Provideuce, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to'ca-rbureters of the class employed for vaporizing li ht hydrocarbon oil, such as gasolene and the like, as it is fed to an internal combustion engine, and the object of the invention is to control the flow of both the air and gasolene through the carburetor and automatically increase or decrease the proportion of air at a predetermined ratio to the gas by the operation of but a single valve.

A further object of this invention is to provide perfectly straight air and gas passages through the carburetor when the valve is open, so as to reduce to a minimum the work ofthe engine in drawing the mixture into the cylinder.

It is an understood fact in the operation of'motor car engines, that as the speed increases the percentage of gas required to economically operate the same decreases and the percentage of air increases in ajgiven ratio, the reverse requirement taking place as the'speed is reduced, the slower the engine runs the richer the mixture required.

In carrying out our invention we employ a float mounted in a gasolene chamber,

which latter is provided with a central tubular draft flue through it, the same being divided lengthwise through its center by a. thin partition into two separate passage ways, one for the air-supply and one for the gas, both being controlled bya single rotatable valve. "An essential feature of this valve is" that the portion which controls the gas passageway is considerably thickened on both of its faces rendering the same practically oval in cross section for the purpose of partially closing the gas passageway when the valve is in its open position, while the other half of this valve that controls the air passage is very'thin so as to ofler the minimum amount of resistance to the passage of air when the valve is o penr Another feature of our invention is that the end of a ball valve which controls the inlet jet of gasolene is made in a spherical shape whereby the supply may be nicely regulated vor shut off completely when desired. It is found in practice that. when a valve of this form is used that'the liquid in \Vitli these and other objects in view,the

invention consists of certain novel features of construction, as will be more fully;de-

scribed and particularly pointed out in the v appended claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings: Figure.

lis a central sectional side elevation of our improved carhureter taken on line 1-1 of Fig. '2. Fig. is a top view with the top plate removed, showing the valve in its closed position, alsoshowiug a portion of the float chamber. Fig. 3- is a top view of the top plate removed showing the valve in its open position, also showing the supply regulating screws. Fig. 4 is the same as'Fig. 3 with the valve partially open. Fig. 5- is a longitudinal section through the central flue showing a section through that portion of the valve which controls the gas passageway, said section being taken on line 55 of Fig. 7. Fig. 6'- is a -longitudinal section through the central flue showing a section through that portion of the valve which controls. the air passageway,

said section being taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the controlling valve. Fig. 8 shows the upper end of the central partition illustrating the valve as bringing up against the same to form a stop. Fig. 9 illustrates the 'supply regulating screws and the means for binding and holding the same in the desired position. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view' illustrating the spherical end of the ball valve and its application to the gasolcne inlet jet pipe.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates ios a bowl-shaped float chamber, and a pipe or tubular portion extending up through its 'centerto form .a draft flue. This flue is admission of air, while inthe opposite side 'and threaded at its end to receive the arm is located the supply nozzle 5, which-is attached to the wall of the tubular portion.

; The lgwer end'of this nozzle communicates throughthe passage (l'into the float chamber, the upper end beingprovided with a reduced outlet 7 into which a regulating ball valve 8 is adapted to fitso as to controlthe supply therefrom. The inlet passage 9 to the float chamber is controlled by the spindle valve 10. vThe lower .end of :this

valve is reducedat 11 to enter said inlet hole and form a guide to insure'the seating of the valve or closing portion 12, the upper portion of this spindle being guided at 15 through the cover or plate 18. This spindle valve is actuated'by means of a float 13, which may be constructed of cork,or any other suitable material, said float'being pivoted at let on a suitable shaft that extends transversely across the chamber, the same being connected to said spindle 10 by means of the lingers 16 which are held between the collars 17l7.' The top plate or cover 18 of the float chamber is provided with an upwardly extending neck portion 19 forming a continuation of the tubular passageway 52. An externally threaded gas outlet neck 20, provided with a flange at its lower end' 21, is adapted to be secured by means of screws to a corresponding flange on the upper end of the neck portion it). In order to control both the gas and the air passageways through this device a rotatable disk valve has been provided and is supported between the two flanges 21 and 22,1; bearing being obtained on one side of the disk by means of the outwardly projecting teat 23, while the bearing on the opposite side is obtained by the-shaft 24 which extends through between said flanges and. out beyond the edge there- The outer end of this shaft is reduced 25 which is secured in position thereon by the nut 20. This valve disk is split or slotted at 27 from its lower edge up a little 'over' one-half of its diameter for the purpose of receiving and operating over the upper edge of the dividing partition 3. One-half 28 of this valve disk is made very thin so as not to obstruct the air passageway t which it controls, the other half 29 of the valve is tl'iicke'ned' on its two opposite faces, into substantially an oval shape in cross section for the purposeof partially closing or reducing the area of the gas passageway which it controls as the valve approaches its open position. In other words, the portion of the valve disk which is located ,in the gas passageway, is formed to present a 'ings approaches the screw ends.

.of the valve ofl'ersto the flow of air. This barrier, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, is presented by the thickened middle portion of the half 29 of the valve, and it serves as a checking barrier to reduce the area of the gas passageway below that of the air passageway; Therefore, the opening through both of the passageways is controlled simultaneously so as to alter each in a predetermined ratio one to the other as the valve is operated.

In 'order to control the quality and richness of the mixture when the engine is throttlcd down or running on a reduced speed, notches, ports or apertures 30 and 31 are provided. in theedge of the disk, one in the gas passage and the other in the air passage. Each of these apertures are independently cont-rolled by supply regulating screws 32 and 33, the in ner ends of which are adapted to be adjusted either in or out to close 01' open said apertures and so regulate and control the mixture by admitting either more or less gas or air as required so that the carbureter may be perfectly tl(l]USl'0d to the exact requn-en'ients of each engine to which 1t maybe applied, said control being efi'ectivconly when the valve is closed or 111 a nearly closed position. These supply regulating screws are tapped in on the dividing line between the flanges 2'1 and 22 and are securely bound and held firmly in the desired position by the binding screws 34 through said flanges which may be loosened when it is desired to adjustsaid regulating screws. Owing to the fact that the apertures or openings 30, 31 are not located in line with the axis of the valve but are at one side of said axis, said openings in no wise affect the flow when the valve is open. ,flhe inner ends of the screws 3233, however, present barriers to the flow of fluid which become more and more effective as the valve is turned so that the .portion having the open Consequently either one of the screws 32 33, presents a 'barrier which is adapted to cooperate with its respective opening 30 or 31 so as to vary the mixture as said opening appreaches said barrier provided by the screw The thin dividing portion' 3 is provide with an angular notch on its upper end which forms a stop at 35 against which the flat surface of the disk valve may bring up when the same is in its wide open position, also forming a. stopat 36 against which this flat surface may rest when the valve in its complete closed position,

Theball valve 8 is set on an angle and threaded at 37 through the plate or cover 18, the same being provided with a locking nut 38 to retain this valve 'in the desired position. The lower end at-St), see Fig. 10, of the valve'is made in a spherical form so thatavhen the gasolene spurts from the end of thesupply nozzle against the roundedsurface. of the ball 39 ithas the effect of breaking up the liquid into a tine spray, causing the same to more readily mix with the air and be converted into a gas of the most effective explosive mixture. By the use of this ball valve the supply may be entirely shutott', if desired, or nicely regulated and controlled in proportionto the amount of airadmitted when the engine is running either on the high or onthe low speed, whereby the most effective mixture may be obtained,,in which position the valve locked and perxminently held by its locking nut '38, In adjusting this carbureter to operate onV-dilferent engines the ball valve is first, set so as to give the maximum speed to the engine when the rotatable controlling valve is in its open position, and then to obtain the minimum speed the supply regulating screws 3:2 and 33 are adjusted either in or out to close or open the apertures in the valve and so control the inflow of gas and air and regulate the mixture when" said controlling valve is at or near its closed position.

Difiiculty is often experienced in trying to crank or starta gasolene engine, which is largely due to the fact that the cylinders do not receive a mixture of sutlicient richness to ignite readily whenall the parts are cold.

To obviate this diliieulty and provide a mixture of sufiicientrichness for this purpose a plate or shutter 40 is pivoted at 41 at the lower end of the draft fine, the same being provided with one or more inlet holes 42, thereby shutting off a large proportion of the supply of air. which proportionally increases the supply of gasolene or richness of the mixture, thus enabling the operator to start the engine'without dilliculty.

The essential features otour improved .carbureter are, first, its adjustability; second. its effectiveness in operation and third, its simplicity in construct-inn. lly the adjustability ot' the earbureter we. are able. to readily and nicely regulate the same to obtain the maximum efficiency from the eugine to which it is applied. The effectiveness of the carbureter is due, first, to its adjustability whereby it is regulated to ob tain the very best'results under the condiiions at which the same is obliged to operate, and second, the straightpassageways through the carbureter offer a minimum resistance thus requiring the minimum amount of power to draw the charge into the cylinder. The extreme simplicity in construc tion of the device lies in the fact that it is made up of very few parts, and after the same is once adjusted to meet the conditions under which it is to operate the device is completely controlled by the movement of buta single lever, whereby a mixture is obtained the richness of which varies at a predetermined 'atio to the speed of the engine whereby the. maximum efliciency is produced.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new-and desire to secure by Lettcrs Patent, is

l.' A carbureter provided with a main out let passageway, a pivoted disk valve for controlling said passageway having an opening at one side of its axis, and a barrier adapted to cooperate with said opening in the valve for varying the nuxture as said v ary the effective areas of said valve open-f ings as the openings approach said barriers A carbureter provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a-single rotatable valve adapt-'1 ed to control the opening through both of said passageways simultaneously and alter each in a predetermlned rat-1o one tot-he other at each movement of said valve, and

means for controlling the flow of gas and ,air when iaid valve is near and in its elosed position. i

4. A carbureter provided with sepa'ate gas and airj passageways having a partition between them, a rotatable valve extending across both'\ passageways whereby it is adapted to control the opening throiigh both of said passageways simultaneously,

the portion of said valve which is in the gas passageway having achecking barrier lo'reduce the area of said gas passageway below that of the air passage so as to alter each in a predetermined ratio 'one t0 the other as the valve is operated.

5. A carbureter provided with. separate gas and air passageways havinga partition between them, a rotatable valve extending across both passagewayd whereby it is adapted to control the'opening through both, of said passageways simultaneously, that portion of the valve located in the gas passageway having a check-ing barrier to reduce the area of said passage below that of the air passageway as the valve approaches'its open position.said valve disk-being provided with openings through it in both. the gas and air supply passageways. and means for regulating the flow of the air and gas through said openings when said valve is nearly closed. 7

(LA carbureter provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a rotatable valve extending across both passageways whereby it is adapted to control the opening through both sageway having achecking barrier to reducethe area of said gas passageway below that of the air passageway as the valve approachesits open position, said valve being provided with openings through it in both the gas and air supply )assageways, and ad-- justable scrcwsadapte to enter said openings for regulating the flow of the air and gas through said openings when said valve is near or in its closed position.

7. A carburetor provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a s ngle rotatable valve extendin --across both passageways whereby it is a apted to control the opening through both of said passageways simultaneously and alter each in a predetermined ratio one to the other. at each movement of said valve, said valve being also provided with ports in both the gas and air passageways, and means for regulating the'fiow of the air and gas through said ports when said valve is near or in its closed position.

8. A carburetor provided .with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a single rotatable valve extendin across both passageways whereby it is adapted to control the'opening through both of said passageways simultaneously and alter each in a predetermined ratio one to the other ateach movement of said valve,

said valve being provided witlropenings through it in both the gas and air supply )assa ewa s and ad'ustable-screws located o a in position to co-act with said openings when said valve 1s near or in its closed POSI- t1ion to regulatethe' flow of the air and gas 4). A carburetor provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a single rotatable valve extending across both passageways whereby it is adapted to.co11'trol the opening through both of said passageways simultaneously and alter each in a predetermined ratio one to the other at eaeh'movement of said valve, :1 fuel supply nozzle in said gas passageway, means for regulating the flow through said nozzle to produce the maximum engine speed when said valveis in its open position, and adjustable means for controlling the mixture when the valve isnea'r or in its".

closed position to regulate the minimum engine speed.

10.- A carbureter provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a vrotatable valve extending across both passageways whereby it is I adapted to control the opening through both of said passageways simultaneously, that 1 portion of the valve located in the gas pasof said passageways simultaneously, that portion of the valve located in the gas paslate the flow therethrough, and means conozzlein said gas passageway,'n1eans for regulating the flow through sald nozzle to produce the maximum engine speed when i said valve is in its open position, and adjustable means for controlling the mixture when the valve is at or near its closed position to regulate the minimum engine speed. 11. A carbureter provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a rotatable valve extending across both passageways whereby it is adapted to control the opening through both of .said passageways simultaneously, that portion of the valve located in the gas passageway having a checking barrier to reduce the area of said passageway below that of the air passageway as the valve approaches its open position, a fuel supply nozzle in said gas passageway, means for regulating the flow through said nozzle to produce the maximum engine speed when said valve is. in its open position, said valve being pro-' vided with openings through it'in both the gas and air supply passageways, and adj 11st able screws adapted to enter said openings for regulating the flow of the air and gas through said openings when said valve is near or in its closed position to regulate the minimum engine speed.

12. A ca-rbureter provided with separate gas and air passageways having a partition between them, a rotatable disk valve adapted to straddle said partition and control the opening through both of said passageways simultaneously, one portion of said valve having a checking barrier to reduce the area of the gas passage when said valve is in open position, a gas-inlet nozzle in the gas passage. an adjustable ball and valve engaging the discharge opening of said nozzle to reguoperating with said disk valve for controlling the mixture when the valve is near or in its closed position.

In testimony whereof we atiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES A. McHARDYr CHARLES A. POTTER.

\Vitnesses llownnn E. Bnnmw, E. I. Oonnn.

Copies of this patent may he obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. Q. 

